Labeling and quantifying sites of protein palmitoylation.
نویسندگان
چکیده
As a reversible posttranslational modification, protein palmitoylation has the potential to regulate the trafficking and function of a variety of proteins. However, the extent, function, and dynamic nature of palmitoylation are poorly resolved because of limitations in assay methods. Here, we introduce methods where hydroxylamine-mediated cleavage of the palmitoyl-thioester bond generates a free sulfhydryl, which can then be specifically labeled with sulfhydryl-reactive reagents. This methodology is more sensitive and allows for quantitative estimates of palmitoylation. Unlike other techniques used to assay posttranslational modifications, the techniques we have developed can label all sites of modification with a variety of probes, radiolabeled or nonradioactive, and can be used to assay the palmitoylation of proteins expressed in vivo in brain or other tissues.
منابع مشابه
Palmitoylation regulates the intracellular trafficking and stability of c-Met
c-Met is a receptor tyrosine kinase whose activity can promote both mitogenic and motogenic phenotypes involved in tissue development and cancer progression. Herein, we report the first evidence that c-Met is palmitoylated and that palmitoylation facilitates its trafficking and stability. Inhibition of palmitoylation reduced the expression of c-Met in multiple cancer cell lines post-transcripti...
متن کاملPalmitoylation of a conserved cysteine in the regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain modulates the GTPase-activating activity of RGS4 and RGS10.
RGS4 and RGS10 expressed in Sf9 cells are palmitoylated at a conserved Cys residue (Cys(95) in RGS4, Cys(66) in RGS10) in the regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain that is also autopalmitoylated when the purified proteins are incubated with palmitoyl-CoA. RGS4 also autopalmitoylates at a previously identified cellular palmitoylation site, either Cys(2) or Cys(12). The C2A/C12A mutation ...
متن کاملThe roles of three palmitoylation sites of RPE65 in its membrane association and isomerohydrolase activity.
PURPOSE RPE65, a membrane-associated protein predominantly expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium, is the isomerohydrolase in the retinoid visual cycle. Three cysteine (Cys) residues, Cys231, Cys329, and Cys330, in RPE65 have been shown to be palmitoylated and have been suggested to be responsible for its membrane association. The purpose of this study was to define the role of these Cys r...
متن کاملInsulin-regulated protein palmitoylation impacts endothelial cell function.
OBJECTIVE Defects in insulin signaling are associated with abnormal endothelial cell function, which occurs commonly in cardiovascular disease. Targets of insulin signaling in endothelial cells are incompletely understood. Protein S-palmitoylation, the reversible modification of proteins by the lipid palmitate, is a post-translational process relevant to cell signaling, but little is known abou...
متن کاملAcyl-biotinyl exchange chemistry and mass spectrometry-based analysis of palmitoylation sites of in vitro palmitoylated rat brain tubulin.
Research has shown that the palmitoyl group of α-tubulin mediates the hydrophobic interaction between microtubules and intracellular membranes and that palmitoylated tubulin plays a role in signal transduction. There are 20 cysteine residues per α/β tubulin heterodimer. C376 of α-tubulin was reported to be predominantly palmitoylated and C20, C213 and C305 of α-tubulin were palmitoylated at low...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- BioTechniques
دوره 36 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2004